Does perforin-2 form pores in two orientations?
Medical Research Council (Cambridge)
Not stated
- Location
- Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Funding
- Competition Funded PhD Project (Students Worldwide)
- Application deadline
- 8 December 2026
About the project
About the Project Perforin-2 ( Mpeg1 ) is an ancient pore-forming protein of the membrane attack complex perforin/cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (MACPF/CDC) family with essential roles in immunity. Unlike perforin-1, which is secreted by cytotoxic T cells to kill diseased host cells, perforin-2 is expressed in dendritic cells and macrophages, where it is anchored in endosomal and phagosomal membranes. Intriguingly, perforin-2 is reported to perform two distinct functions during immune responses: attacking intravacuolar pathogens and forming pores in endocytic compartments to enable cytosolic delivery of antigens during cross-presentation. The aim of this project is to establish how these two functions are regulated on the molecular level, and whether they involve the formation of pores in two different orientations - away and towards the host membranes. This work will help to establish how one effector can carry out two fundamentally different functions during immune responses. The project will employ state-of-the-art microscopy techniques (including confocal, live, multispectral, and/or high-resolution approaches) using established as well as novel reagents (e.g. organelle markers delivered by in vitro-transcribed mRNAs, and de novo-designed protein binders). The position is best suited for an enthusiastic student interested in how immune responses are initiated at the molecular level.